Τεκμήρια
Short essays reading the Eulogikon corpus closely: the ancient Greek text, its commentators, and what the words actually meant.
Philostorgia: attestations across seven centuries
Every philostorgia attestation in the Eulogikon corpus, from Xenophon and Aeschylus through the full Stoic core to Clement, Iamblichus, and Simplicius.
ἀεργοί and ἐνεργοί: idle tools, working remedies
Hippocratic craft and medicine: tools idle without fire, remedies that work. The adjective energós and verbs energéō / energázomai are live; the noun enérgeia is absent there. Plato has none.
What Marcus Aurelius prays for
Marcus keeps Homer's ordinary word for prayer and redirects its object: not external outcomes, but the absence of fear, desire, and distress. Seventeen passages from Homer to Epictetus, with the three terms he never uses.
Ἀλήθεια: the word that fights, lights, and is a body
A corpus survey of alḗtheia from Homer and the Presocratics through tragedy, history, medicine, and oratory to the corporeal alḗtheia of the Stoics. Sixteen passages in Greek, transliterated and translated, each at its station.
Corrective punishment: kólasis in the Greek corpus
From physical ordeal to soul therapy: a diachronic survey of kólasis (643 attestations) from the Greek Anthology through Aristotle, Chrysippus, and the patristic tradition. Ten passages in Greek, transliterated and translated.
Περὶ φιλίας: love in the Stoa
Do the Later Stoics talk about love? A word-search returns almost nothing in Epictetus and Marcus; but behind them stand Zeno, Chrysippus, and Cleanthes, with definitions, a taxonomy of érōs, and the cosmic binding of opposites. Nineteen passages across five authors, in Greek, transliterated and translated.
παράκλητος · paráklētos · the one called to your side
81 attestations of παράκλητος across six centuries in the Eulogikon corpus. Greek, transliterated and translated, each at its station.
τετράγωνος: the four-square man and the four-square ψυχή
The image of the four-square person from Simonides to Damascius, and the four-square ψυχή of the Pythagorean tradition. Eleven passages across the corpus, in Greek, transliterated and translated, each at its station.
What Aristotle attributes to Socrates
At Metaphysics 1078b, Aristotle credits Socrates with two things: inductive arguments (ἐπαγωγή) and universal definition (ὁρισμός), and marks one word, χωριστά, that separates him from the Platonists. The passage in Greek, with Alexander and Diogenes.